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CAT

Catalase plays a crucial role in adaptive response to H2O2. It has been suggested that its role is somehow auxiliary to that of glutathione peroxidase. These enzymes reside in the second tier of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase is a major NADPH binding protein within human erythrocytes.Conformational changes induced by various effectors may lead to better accessibility of substrate to catalase heme catalytic center, and thereby activating the enzyme. These activators include sodium n-dodecyl sulphate, curcumin, signaling pathways such as calcium/calmodulin and drugs like pioglitazone. Activation is significant since many putative treatments of cancer revolve around activation of catalase, through various pathways, such as NF-kB, by isoflavones. Their stability and resistance to proteolysis is an evolutionary advantage, especially since they are produced during the stationary phase of cell growth when levels of proteases remain high and rate of protein turnover is rapid.Animal studies led in a context of metabolic diseases and their comorbidities have shown that CAT overexpression delays atherosclerosis onset, decreases blood pressure(BP) and increases lifespan.

References

1.Sepasi Tehrani H,et al. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2018 Dec;140:5-12.
2.Goyal MM,et al. Protein Cell. 2010 Oct;1(10):888-97.

Metabolic Enzyme/Protease

11β-HSD(15) 15-PGDH(1) ACC(10) ACE(9) AChE(29) Adenylate Cyclase(10) ALDH(14) Aldose Reductase(5) Aminopeptidase(17) BACE(18) Casein Kinase(41) CAT(5) Cathepsin(8) CETP(10) COMT(2) CPG2(1) CYPs(6) Decarboxylase(3) Dehydrogenase(87) DGAT(4) Dopamine beta-hydroxylase(2) DPP(28) Elastase(6) FAAH(19) Factor Xa(22) Fatty Acid Synthase(16) Ftase(2) FXR(22) Glucokinase(1) GSNOR(2) Guanylate Cyclase(9) HMGCR(17) IDH(7) IDO(20) IMPDH(2) LDH(2) LDL(5) Lipase(13) Lipid(9) MAGL(3) MAO(51) MMP(48) NAMPT(7) Neprilysin(6) Other Targets(9) P450(87) PAI-1(7) Phosphatase(49) Phospholipase(43) PPAR(86) Protein Phosphatase/PTP(6) Renin(7) Retinoid Receptor(23) SCD(6) Steroid Sulfatase (STS)(2) Thioredoxin(1) TPH(5) Transferase(24) Vitamin(39) Xanthine Oxidase (XAO)(6)