Based on molecular weight, HSPs are classified into several families, including HSP110, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, and small HSPs, such as HSP40 and ubiquitin.  HSPs are among the most conserved cellular proteins and function as molecular chaperones. They are located in the cytoplasm and in several organelles, where they act in the stabilization of proteins, besides also being mediators of the inflammatory response when present in the extracellular environment. In this regard, HSPs have been investigated in the context of several inflammatory conditions, such as diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and sepsis. HSPs regulate the folding, unfolding, solubilization, transport, biosynthesis, and assembly of cellular proteins. What was commonly seen was a role for HSPs in the reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, inhibition of NFκB, reduction in organ damage, and increased survival.

References

1.Vulczak A,et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Aug 30;20(17).