Apoptosis
Apoptosis occurs normally during development and aging and as a homeostatic mechanism to maintain cell populations in tissues. Apoptosis also occurs as a defense mechanism such as in immune reactions or when cells are damaged by disease or noxious agents. There are two main apoptotic pathways: the extrinsic or death receptor pathway and the intrinsic or mitochondrial pathway.The extrinsic signaling pathways that initiate apoptosis involve transmembrane receptor-mediated interactions. These involve death receptors that are members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor gene superfamily, Members of the TNF receptor family share similar cyteine-rich extracellular domains and have a cytoplasmic domain of about 80 amino acids called the “death domain”. This death domain plays a critical role in transmitting the death signal from the cell surface to the intracellular signaling pathways.
The best-characterized ligands and corresponding death receptors include FasL/FasR, TNF-α/TNFR1, Apo3L/DR3, Apo2L/DR4 and Apo2L/DR5. The intrinsic signaling pathways that initiate apoptosis involve a diverse array of non-receptor-mediated stimuli that produce intracellular signals that act directly on targets within the cell and are mitochondrial-initiated events. All of these stimuli cause changes in the inner mitochondrial membrane that results in an opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore, loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and release of two main groups of normally sequestered pro-apoptotic proteins from the intermembrane space into the cytosol. The first group consists of cytochrome c, Smac/DIABLO, and the serine protease HtrA2/Omi, the second group of pro-apoptotic proteins, AIF, endonuclease G and CAD, are released from the mitochondria during apoptosis.
References:
1.Susan Elmore. Toxicol Pathol. 2007; 35(4): 495–516.
The best-characterized ligands and corresponding death receptors include FasL/FasR, TNF-α/TNFR1, Apo3L/DR3, Apo2L/DR4 and Apo2L/DR5. The intrinsic signaling pathways that initiate apoptosis involve a diverse array of non-receptor-mediated stimuli that produce intracellular signals that act directly on targets within the cell and are mitochondrial-initiated events. All of these stimuli cause changes in the inner mitochondrial membrane that results in an opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore, loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and release of two main groups of normally sequestered pro-apoptotic proteins from the intermembrane space into the cytosol. The first group consists of cytochrome c, Smac/DIABLO, and the serine protease HtrA2/Omi, the second group of pro-apoptotic proteins, AIF, endonuclease G and CAD, are released from the mitochondria during apoptosis.
References:
1.Susan Elmore. Toxicol Pathol. 2007; 35(4): 495–516.
Apoptosis
Apoptosis
-
PRDX1-IN-1
产品货号 : M37952
cas no: ——
PRDX1-IN-1 is a selective inhibtor of PRDX1 with an IC50 value of 0.164 μM. PRDX1-IN-1 can be used in researches related to cancer.PRDX1-IN-1 promots intracellular ROS accumulation, and inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of cancer cells besides inducing apoptosis. PRDX1-IN-1 could be used in cancer research. -
Ac-DEVD-CHO
产品货号 : M37941
cas no: 169332-60-9
Ac-DEVD-CHO 是一种特异性 Caspase-3 抑制剂,Ki 值为 230 pM。 -
4-Thiothymidine
产品货号 : M37905
cas no: 7236-57-9
4-Thiothymidine 是一种嘌呤核苷类似物。嘌呤核苷类似物具有广泛的抗肿瘤活性,靶向惰性淋巴系统恶性肿瘤。这一过程中的抗癌机制依赖于抑制 DNA 合成,诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis) 等。 -
2-Thiocytidine
产品货号 : M37895
cas no: 13239-97-9
2-Thiocytidine 是一种嘌呤核苷类似物。嘌呤核苷类似物具有广泛的抗肿瘤活性,靶向惰性淋巴系统恶性肿瘤。这一过程中的抗癌机制依赖于抑制 DNA 合成,诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis) 等。 -
1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylthymine
产品货号 : M37888
cas no: 605-23-2
Thymine 1-β-D-arabinofuranoside 是一种嘌呤核苷类似物。嘌呤核苷类似物具有广泛的抗肿瘤活性,靶向惰性淋巴系统恶性肿瘤。这一过程中的抗癌机制依赖于抑制 DNA 合成,诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis) 等。