MAC-545496 is a nanomolar inhibitor of glycopeptide-resistance-associated protein R (GraR). MAC-545496 displays strong binding affinity to the full-length GraR protein (Kd ● 0.1 nM).

Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.

Ceratotoxin A, a 29-residue peptide isolated from the accessory gland secretion fluid, with strong anti-bacterial activity.