PHY34 is a potent autophagy inhibitor with cytotoxic effects by inhibiting autophagy at a late stage (MDA-MB-435 IC50=23 nM, MDA-MB-231 IC50=5.2 nM); disrupts lysosomal function, significantly inhibits the growth of cancer cell lines in hollow fibers.

Gemcitabine elaidate, is a lipophilic, unsaturated fatty acid ester derivative of gemcitabine (dFdC), an antimetabolite deoxynucleoside analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity.?

MPP+ iodide, the metabolite of a neurotoxin MPTP, causes symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) in animal models by selectively destroying dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra.