Dynorphin A (1-8) 是胎盘组织提取物中主要的阿片肽。Dynorphin A (1-8) 是 kappa 受体最可能的天然配体。Dynorphin A (1-8) 抑制 3H-Bremazocine 与纯化的 kappa 受体的结合 (IC50=303 nM)。

Potent and selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist (ID50 values are 2.8 and > 600 nM at B1 and B2 receptors respectively). Exhibits no intrinsic agonist activity and is resistant to aminopeptidase and kininase II (ACE) cleavage. Displays hypertensive activity in vivo.

2-Hydroxynaringenin 是一种黄酮类化合物。2-Hydroxynaringenin 能够从台湾白芍中分离得到。