21-O-Tigloylgymnemagenin is a natural product.

HIF-1 alpha (556-574) is a hypoxia-inducible factor-1 19-mer fragment. HIF-1 functions as master regulator of response to oxygen homeostasis. Hypoxia-induced gene expression is initiated when HIF-1subunit is stabilized in response to a lack of oxygen. This part of HIF-1 binds to the von Hippel-Lindau factor (VHL) an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and the proline 564 is absolutely vital to the binding process.

L-赖氨酸盐酸盐是人类必需的氨基酸，具有多种功效，包括治疗疱疹、增加钙吸收、减少糖尿病相关疾病和改善肠道健康。