Taurocholic acid is a bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats.Taurocholic acid is cytoprotective, preventing tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cholangiocyte damage via a PI3K-mediated pathway.

Chamigrenol is a promising candidate for the development of potent Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitors and antimicrobial agents.

Chlorogenic acid butyl ester 是一种咖啡酰奎宁酸，是一种有效的黑色素生成 (melanogenesis) 抑制剂。Chlorogenic acid butyl ester 抑制小眼症相关转录因子 (MITF)、酪氨酸酶 (tyrosinase)、酪氨酸相关蛋白 1 (TRP-1) 和 TRP-2 的表达。Chlorogenic acid butyl ester 还具有抗氧化活性。