A fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic that exhibits a broad spectrum in vitro activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative ocular pathogens.

Chebulinic acid is a potent inhibitor of M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase. It also can inhibit SMAD-3 phosphorylation and H+ K+-ATPase activity.Chebulinic acid obviously inhibited HQ/Cu(II)- and H(2)O(2)/Cu(II)-mediated pBR322 DNA strand breaks. When MRC-5 cells were treated with HQ/Cu(II), the presence of Chebulinic acid inhibited HQ/Cu(II)-mediated double-strand breaks of genomic DNA.

TLR2/6 agonist (also a putative TLR10 ligand). Activates NF-κB. Induces pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-8, IL-1β, CCL20 and TNF-α in vitro. Synergizes with IFNγ to induce CXCL10 release from melanoma cells.