Neuromedin U,a 23-amino acid brain-gut peptide, regulates several important physiological functions through its cognate receptor NMUR2 in the central nervous system, including energy balance, stress response, and nociception.

α-Amylase is a hydrolase enzyme ,and it catalyses the hydrolysis of internal α-1, 4-glycosidic linkages in starch to yield products like glucose and maltose.

Methylacetoacetic acid has been identified in the urine of patients with an inherited deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase and after isoleucine loading in the diagnosis of 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency.