NADPH tetrasodium salt is the reduced form of the electron acceptor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) and acts as an electron donor in various biological reactions.

GnRH-I is a small 10 amino acid long peptide (decapeptide) from the hypothalamus,It is also known as luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), is a key molecule in the regulation of reproduction in vertebrates. GnRH, a decapeptide, is produced by neurons in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) and secreted in a pulsatile manner into the cardiovascular system.

Methyl nomilinate from citrus can modulate cell cycle regulators to induce cytotoxicity in human colon cancer (SW480) cells in vitro.