Cell-permeable calmodulin (CaM) agonist that binds to the EF-hand/Ca2+-binding site; produces CaM-dependent activation of phosphodiesterase. Also binds to cytoplasmic sites on other Ca2+ channels, including NMDA and HIV-1 gp120-activated channels, inhibiting Ca2+-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis (IC50 = 52 μM). Shown to protect pancreatic acinar cells from gossypol induced necrosis. Inhibits VLA-5-mediated adhesion of mast cells to fibronectin in vitro and attenuates inflammatory cell influx in guinea pig lung in vivo.

Jionoside B1 has immunosuppressive activity and shows the hepato-protective activity in the H2O2 induced liver injury experiments.

α-Conotoxin M I 是 mAChR 和 α1β1γδ nAChR 的选择性和有效的抑制剂，但对尼古丁刺激的多巴胺释放无影响。α-Conotoxin 毒素是一种小的、富含二硫的多肽，竞争性地抑制肌肉和神经元的尼古丁 AChR。