TFMB-(R)-2-HG 是急性髓系白血病 (AML) 的致癌因子。 TFMB-(R)-2-HG 响应雌激素撤退而损害 SCF ER-Hoxb8 细胞分化。

Sodium caseinates 是酪蛋白盐，是主要的乳蛋白，能够诱导粒细胞增殖和活化，并增加两种关键细胞因子 GM-CSF 和 G-CSF 的血清浓度。Sodium caseinate诱导小鼠粒细胞生成。

PUMA BH3 is a p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) BH3 domain peptide, acts as a direct activator of Bak, with a Kd of 26 nM.This is a PUMA BH3 domain peptide. PUMA proteins bind Bcl-2, localize to the mitochondria, and induce cytochrome C release and apoptosis in response to p53. PUMA may be a direct mediator of p53-induced apoptosis.