High affinity apelin receptor agonist. Binds apelin receptors in left ventricle from normal and pulmonary arterial hypertensive (PAH) hearts (pKi values are 9.31 and 9.46, respectively). Bioactive fragment of ELA-32. Inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment in vitro.

双去甲氧基姜黄素 (BDMC) 是姜黄素的天然去甲氧基衍生物。

异水飞蓟宾和水飞蓟宾可能是设计有效 PXR 拮抗剂的合适候选者，以防止癌症患者通过 CYP3A4 发生药物相互作用。