Echimidine, a major hepatotoxic dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid produced by E. plantagineum, in the honey (780 ng/g) and in the subsequent mead samples (236-540 ng/mL). Echimidine-N-Oxide has antifungal activity.

Dabsyl Chloride 是一种胺衍生剂，能够产生稳定的产物，可以在 460 nm 处轻松通过分光光度法进行监测。

(-)-JNJ-A07 是一种有效且具有选择性的登革热病毒 (DENV) 抑制剂，EC50 为 31 nM。