RGD Trifluoroacetate is a tripeptide that effectively triggers cell adhesion, addresses certain cell lines and elicits specific cell responses; RGD Trifluoroacetate binds to integrins.RGD Trifluoroacetate is the most effective and most often employed peptide sequence for stimulated cell adhesion on synthetic surfaces. There are 24 integrins binding to ECM molecules in a RGD dependent manner: α3β1, α5β1, α8β1, αIIbβ3, αvβ1, αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6, αvβ8, and to some extent α2β1 and α4β1.

WYE-687 是一种 ATP 竞争性选择性 mTOR 抑制剂，IC50 为 7 nM；阻断 mTORC1/pS6K(T389) 和 mTORC2/P-AKT(S473)，但未观察到对 P-AKT(T308) 的影响。

Phytolaccagenin 是一种三萜类皂苷，是植物性舌根的活性成分。Phytolaccagenin 具有抗真菌活性，抗炎活性和较低的毒性。