2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-Quinolone (Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal) is a quorum-sensing signalling molecule produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in response to increased cell density. It increases the expression of the lasB gene in P. aeruginosa, the secretion of the metabolites pyocyanin and the lectin PA-IL, as well as increasing biofilm production in P. aeruginosa populations. It also reduces the iron content of the P. aeruginosa growth medium when used at a concentration of 40 μM and acts as an iron chelator in iron sulphate solutions.

5-A-RU-PABC-Val-Cit-Fmoc 是 5-A-RU 的前体。5-A-RU 是细菌核黄素的前体，是一种粘膜相关的不变 T (MAIT) 细胞激活剂。5-A-RU 通过与来自其他代谢途径的小分子（如乙二醛和甲基乙二醛）的非酶反应形成有效的 MAIT 激活抗原。

一种 NFAT 的细胞渗透性肽抑制剂，可选择性抑制钙调磷酸酶介导的 NFAT 脱磷酸作用。