Potent endogenous ligand of the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Binds with high affinity to rat and human KISS1 receptors with Ki values of 1.80 and 1.45 nM respectively. Inhibits chemotaxis, invasion and metastasis of human melanomas and breast carcinomas. Stimulates gonadotropin secretion following i.c.v. administration.

Melanocortin (MC) 3-MSH (Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) is believed to signal through the MC 3 receptor. It induces a sustained increase in intracellular free calcium levels ([Ca2+]i) in a subpopulation of pituitary cells. Most of the cells responding to 3-MSH express more than one pituitary hormone mRNA. The effect of 3-MSH is blocked by SHU9119, a MC3R and MC4R antagonist, in only 50% of the responsive cells, suggesting that in half of these cells the mediating receptor is not the MC3R. Low picomolar doses of 3-MSH increase [Ca2+]i in the growth hormone (GH)- and prolactin (PRL)-secreting GH3 cell line.

Amyloid β-Protein (5-42) 是一种 Aβ 片段。