MIF-1 (Melanostatin) 是一种内源性的脑肽，是一种有效的多巴胺受体变构调节剂。MIF-1 抑制黑色素形成。MIF-1 阻断阿片受体激活的作用，从而调节吗啡的镇痛作用和应激诱导镇痛 (SIA)。MIF-1 直接通过血脑屏障 (BBB) 从血液进入中枢神经系统。

CRF (bovine)

Potent, high affinity apelin receptor agonist (IC50 = 0.27 nM; Kd = 0.51 nM). Exhibits no binding GPR15 and GPR25. Activates the PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes self-renewal of hESCs via cell-cycle progression and protein translation. Also potentiates the TGFβ pathway, priming hESCs toward the endoderm lineage. Stimulates angiogenesis in HUVEC cells. Relaxes mouse aortic vessels. Functions as an anorexigenic hormone through activation of the AVP and CRH neurons in the PVN.