PACAP (1-38), a novel neuropeptide isolated from the bovine hypothalamus is more active than vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in stimulating adenylate cyclase (EC50=7 nM). PACAP 1-38 (10-9 M) increased substance P (SP), gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), and VIP release. PACAP 1-38 (10-8 M) inhibited gastrin secretion and stimulated somatostatin secretion and motility dose-dependently.

3-hexadecoxypropan-1-ol (3-(Hexadecyloxy)-1-propanol) is a surfactant commonly used in inks, coatings and adhesives.

氧芍药甙是从赤芍和白芍中提取的天然产物。