Licoflavonol is a novel natural inhibitor of Salmonella T3SS, could be a promising candidate for novel type of anti-virulence drugs, it exhibits a strong inhibitory effect on the secretion of the SPI-1 effector proteins via regulating the transcription of the SicA/InvF genes, and the transportation of the effector protein SipC.

Deapi-platycoside E may have anti-inflammatory effects.

3’-Deoxythymidine inhibits the ability of bacteriophage T7 to infect Escherichia coli by inhibiting phage DNA synthesis. Also, it is a precursor of DNA polymerase β inhibitor.