Mammalian bombesin-like peptide neurotransmitter that is an agonist for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR). GRP has been reported to activate GABAergic interneurons in the amygdala leading to increased GABA release and fear suppression in mice in vivo. Also involved in mitogenesis, and GI tract and appetite regulation.

Fibrinopeptide A, human is a 16-residue short polypeptide cleaved from fibrinogen by thrombin. Fibrinopeptide A, human locates at the NH2-termini of the Aα chain.The conversion of monomeric fibrinogen into polymeric fibrin is mediated by thrombin, which binds to the central region of fibrinogen and catalyzes cleavage of the 2 short peptides, the 16-residue fibrinopeptide A (FpA) and the 14-residue fibrinopeptide B (FpB), located at the NH2-termini of the Aα and Bβ chains, respectively.

柠檬醛是一种透明的黄色液体，具有类似柠檬的气味。密度比水小，不溶于水。食入有毒。用于制造其他化学品。