Gitogenin, tigogenin, and solasodine are novel selective inhibitors of UGT1A4, and do not inhibit the activities of major human CYP isoforms.

Corynoxine B is a Beclin-1-dependent autophagy inducer. It is an natural alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks (Gouteng in Chinese).

Methyl nomilinate from citrus can modulate cell cycle regulators to induce cytotoxicity in human colon cancer (SW480) cells in vitro.