G-1749 does not alter the monomer-dimer equilibrium of IRE, stimulates the RNase activity of unphosphorylated IRE1 and inhibits IRE1-3P, and significantly increases the RNase activity of IRE1-KR-0P.

Namirotene (CBS 211A) is a protein biosynthesis inhibitor, a synthetic retinoic acid analog that is used in the study of corneal diseases, corneal ulcers and dry eye syndrome.

2,5-呋喃二甲酸是人体的正常尿液代谢物。 2,5-呋喃二甲酸也是一种微生物代谢物，是由巴西铜细菌中发现的糠醛/HMF 氧化还原酶氧化羟甲基糠醛 (HMF) 的产物。