The G280-9 peptide, a common melanoma gp100 epitope restricted by MHC-associated HLA-A2. The G280-9 sequence is unique because it could be recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes at very low concentrations, however it shows low total immunogenicity that may be attributable to relatively low affinity of this peptide for the HLA-A2.

Malvidin chloride has anti-spermatogenic, and antioxidant activities. It can prevent endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting ROS and XO-1.

Methyl nomilinate from citrus can modulate cell cycle regulators to induce cytotoxicity in human colon cancer (SW480) cells in vitro.