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Cannabinoid Receptor
Cannabinoids have typically been assumed to originate from the plant Cannabis, however, broadly speaking cannabinoids are the group of chemical structures that mainly act in the body through cannabinoid receptors (CB); CB1 (Central receptor) and CB2 (Peripheral receptor) CB1 and CB2 receptors belong to the large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that mediate almost all actions of exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids. These GPCRs consist of seven transmembrane domains, three extracellular loops and three intracellular loops, an extracellular N-terminal tail and an intracellular C-terminal tail that join to form a transmembrane domain. CB1 receptors are rich in the central nervous system (CNS), especially in the cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia.
A large portion of CB1 receptors is following reduction o expressed on cholecystokinin-expressing GABAergic interneurons in cortical areas. Low levels of CB1 receptors are present glutamatergic or serotoninergic neurons. CB1 receptors also exist at low levels in non-neuronal cells of the brain such as astrocytes. the activated CB1 receptors by endogenous or exogenous ligands contribute to inhibiting adenylate cyclase (AC) activity with following the reduction of intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production.CB1 receptors play a crucial role in controlling cell destiny and function particularly neuronal electrical activity. CB2 receptors were presumably through the DA-dependent mechanism to participate in the modulation of cocaine's rewarding and locomotor-stimulating effects. CB2 receptors may participate in neuroinflammation which gradually develops into one of the inducements of neurodegeneration.
References
1.Han QW,et al. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2020 Jan 10;96:109745.
2.Das S,et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1162:51-61.
A large portion of CB1 receptors is following reduction o expressed on cholecystokinin-expressing GABAergic interneurons in cortical areas. Low levels of CB1 receptors are present glutamatergic or serotoninergic neurons. CB1 receptors also exist at low levels in non-neuronal cells of the brain such as astrocytes. the activated CB1 receptors by endogenous or exogenous ligands contribute to inhibiting adenylate cyclase (AC) activity with following the reduction of intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production.CB1 receptors play a crucial role in controlling cell destiny and function particularly neuronal electrical activity. CB2 receptors were presumably through the DA-dependent mechanism to participate in the modulation of cocaine's rewarding and locomotor-stimulating effects. CB2 receptors may participate in neuroinflammation which gradually develops into one of the inducements of neurodegeneration.
References
1.Han QW,et al. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2020 Jan 10;96:109745.
2.Das S,et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1162:51-61.
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